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The telegraph

The telegraph was the first form of telecommunication. 'Telegraph' means 'writing from far away' or 'distant writing' and the word originally applied to semaphore systems.

But the search for ways of sending signals over long distances had been around for thousands of years.

The telegraph

First steps

First stepsThe first telegraph systems were developed thousands of years ago.

They used many different ways of signalling: smoke, fiery beacon, drums, lights, mirrors, flags and ...

Looking for the electric telegraph

Looking for the electric telegraphFor thousands of years, people dreamed of being able to exchange messages further than they could see or hear. But this meant discovering something that would work independently of sight or sound.

The first electric telegraphs

The first electric telegraphsWhen the electric telegraph finally arrived in the early 19th century, it was a real breakthrough.

It had needed three ingredients to make it reality: the science of ...

The telegraphic age dawns

The telegraphic age dawnsBy the time Queen Victoria came to the throne in 1837, many inventors had built simple electric telegraphs - but no one had managed to construct a working commercial system.

Development of the telegraph

Development of the telegraphThe first telegraphs were cumbersome and slow - but as the telegraphic age progressed the world started to move faster. More and more messages had to be sent - at greater speed and over longer distances.

Building telegraph networks

Building telegraph networksThe telegraphic age produced a new phenomenon - the wiring of a nation into a network. Wired networks are so much a part of life today that we hardly think about them - but the first telegraph wires seemed both alien ...

Developing telegraphic services

Developing telegraphic servicesBeing able to send messages by telegraph was all very well - theoretically. But why would you want to? Life in the 1840s still moved at the speed of the horse and carriage. There was one exception - the railway. They ...

International telegraph connections

International telegraph connectionsBy the 1850s, telegraph lines crossed Europe and spanned the United States. But there was a final frontier to cross - the ocean. In the mid 19th century, laying a cable under the sea required almost unimaginable levels ...

Into the 20th century

Into the 20th centuryThe First World War marked the peak of the telegraph era. Diplomatic telegrams sped Europe's slide into the abyss, cabled military orders triggered mass mobilisation and the knock of the telegram messenger forewarned ...